Gastric ulcer
Gastric ulcer is a medical condition that occurs when the lining of the stomach is damaged, allowing acids to erode the stomach’s protective layer. This erosion can lead to the formation of open lesions or ulcers inside the stomach.
Causes of gastric ulcers include:
- Infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria: This is the most common cause of gastric ulcers. The H. pylori bacteria can damage the stomach lining and trigger inflammation that leads to ulcer formation.
- Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs such as aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of gastric ulcer.
- Health disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): This condition can cause stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus, which can also affect the stomach lining.
- Alcohol consumption and smoking: These habits can increase the risk of gastric ulcers.
Symptoms of gastric ulcer may include:
- Abdominal pain, which can be intense and usually occurs between meals or at night.
- Heartburn.
- Heaviness or discomfort in the stomach after eating.
- Unintentional weight loss.
- Indigestion or bloating.
Diagnosis of gastric ulcer usually involves a physical examination, the patient’s medical history and sometimes additional tests such as endoscopy or tests for H. pylori bacteria.
Treatment of gastric ulcer may involve:
- Using medication to reduce stomach acidity and protect the lining.
- Antibiotics to treat H. pylori infection, if present.
- Avoiding risk factors such as NSAIDs, alcohol and smoking.
- Adopting a healthy diet and managing stress.
It is important that people with suspected gastric ulcer symptoms seek medical care to receive an appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Neglecting gastric ulcers can lead to serious complications such as bleeding or perforation of the stomach.